Spin finish for polyamide yarn processed at high temperature

ABSTRACT

A SPIN FINISH COMPOSITION FOR NYLON FEEDER YARN TO BE PROCESSED AT HIGH TEMPERATURE INTO CARPET YARN, SUCH AS BY STEAM JET TEXTURING, COMPRISING COCONUT OIL, SULFONATED NATURAL PETROLEUM PRODUCT AND OTHER ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS RESULTS IN IMPROVED PROCESSING AND BETTER QUALITY YARN.

United States Patent 3,781,202 SPIN FINISH FOR POLYAMIDE YARN PROCESSED AT HIGH TEMPERATURE Robert Moore Marshall, Chesterfield County, and Kimon Constantine Dardoufas, Richmond, Va., assignors to Allied Chemical Corporation, New York, N.Y. No Drawing. Filed Jan. 28, 1972, Ser. No. 221,828 Int. Cl. D06m 13/30 US. Cl. 2528.7 4 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A spin finish composition for nylon feeder yarn to be processed at high temperature into carpet yarn, such as by steam jet texturing, comprising coconut oil, sulfonated natural petroleum product and other essential components results in improved processing and better quality yarn.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a yarn finish. More specifically, this invention relates to a spin finish for polyamide feeder yarn to be processed at high temperature into carpet yarn such as by steam jet texturing.

Various finishes for synthetic filaments are disclosed in the prior art for high temperature processing. However, none of the prior art teach a specific combination of ingredients to achieve the specific beneficial results of the composition of this invention. The critical amounts and ingredients are shown in the discussion below. Many of the prior art finishes flash olf in high temperature processing such as steam jet texturing for yarn. Others fail to have emulsion stability or have insufficient yarn lubrication.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION For treating polyamide feeder yarn to be processed at high temperature, such as in steam jet texturizing processes, the spin finish composition shown below improves processing and gives better quality yarn. This finish composition has a unique combination of coconut oil and sulfonated petroleum product which provides an unusually even distribution of finish on the fiber in the yarn. In this way, more consistent frictional and physical properties of the yarn results. The unique spin finish of this invention is for high temperature carpet yarn processing, and is specifically designed for steam jet texturing processes. A level of 0.5 to 1.2 percent weight of oil on textured yarn can be achieved even though the finish is applied prior to steam jet texturizing, i.e. when the yarn is spun. The composition has excellent stability to high temperature process conditions, provides lubrication, static protection and plasticity to the yarn for subsequent drawing and steam jet texturing or other high temperature processing. The yarn has more consistent physical and frictional properties from package to package and within the same package. Following is a list of the benefits of the composition of this invention.

(1) It is nonfuming, that is, it does not flash olf in high temperature processing such as steam jet texturing.

(2) It has excellent emulsion stability.

(3) This spin finish lubricates the yarn even after passing through high temperature processing such as steam jet.

(4) The finish improves texturing performance.

(5) An even distribution of the finish is achieved.

(6) The finish prevents static buildup.

(7) Plasticity is imparted to the yarn.

(8) Tuftability of the carpet yarn is improved.

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This invention is a finish of an oil in water emulsion of about 10 to 20 percent by weight of the oil portion. The oil portion is made up of from about 55 to 65 percent by weight of coconut oil, about 3 to 8 percent of polyoxyethylene castor oil, about 5 to 10 percent by weight of decaglycerol tetraoleate, about 2 to 5 percent of glycerol monooleate, about 2 to 7 percent by weight of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, about 9 to 11 percent by weight of polyoxyethylene tallow glyceride, and about 8 to 12 percent by weight of sulfonated petroleum prod-. uct. Preferably, the coconut oil is refined coconut glyceride, the ethoxylated castor oil contains about 25 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of castor oil, the ethoxylated sorbitan monooleate contains about 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of sorbitan monooleate, the ethoxylated tallow glyceride contains about 15 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of tallow glyceride and the sulfonated petroleum product is sodium petroleum sulfonate present as about 60 to 62 percent by weight atcive ingredient in mineral oil. More preferably, the sodium petroleum sulfonate is based on an alkyl-aryl petroleum sulfonate having a typical formula (C 'H )SO Na where n is between about 20 and about 30. Even more preferably, the average molecular weight of the above chemical formula is about 430 and 30 percent of the petroleum product remains unsulfonated mineral oil.

Since, as shown in the data in the preferred embodiments, very little of this finish flashes off in high temperature processing, about 0.5 to 1.2% by weight of yarn, of oil is applied as spin finish, and about 0.5 to 1.2%, by weight, of the oil remains on the yarn after high temperature processing.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Table I shows the finish composition of the preferred embodiment of this invention. Table II shows the criticality of the ingredients and the amounts of ingredients necessary in order to provide a stable emulsion. Note that only the finish identified as A provides excellent emulsion stability after 48 hours. Varying the amounts or leaving out various components results in only fair or poor emulsion stability.

Table III shows criticality of the amounts and the presence of various components in the processing of yarn. Note that only the composition labeled A has excellent texturing performance, tuftability, loses only 0.01 percent of the finish after steam jet texturing, and has by far the lowest yarn to metal friction reading.

Formula of sulfonated petroleum product Alkyl-aryl petroleum sulfonate typical formula n 2n1o) 3 5 r z 20, 30 with 30% mineral oil content average molecular weight 430; sulfonate (S0 Na) 62% by weight.

TABLE II.FINISH COMPOSITIONS Finish components Finish identities A B C D E F G H I J Refined coconut glyceride- 59. 59. 0 59. 0 60. 0 59. 0 60. 0 60. 0 60. 0 58. 0 59. 0 Lubricant. Ethoxylated castor oil (25150)- 5. 3. 0 6.0 5. 5 8.0 13. O 16.0 5. 0 Emulsifier. Decaglycerol tetraoleate- 7. 5 9. 0 7. 0 6. 0 7. 5 8. 0 6. O 9. 0 4. 0 4. 0 Do. Glycerol monooleate 3. 0 3. 0 4. 0 3. 0 7. 0 5. 0 5. 0 10. 0 5 0 Do. Ethoxylated sorbitan mo le 5. 0 7. 0 6. 0 5. 0 7. 0 6. 0 0. 0 4. Do. Ethoxylated tallow glyceride (EO) 10. 0 7. 0 13. 0 10. 0 10. 0 Do. Sodium petroleum sulfonate 60-62% active in mineral oil. 10. 0 12. 0 11. 0 Antistat emulsifier. Sulfated glycerol trloleate 0 Do. Ethoxylated tallow amine (20150). 0 Do. Emulsion stability after 45 hours E P P F F F F P F P See footnote at end of Table I.

E =ExcelentTrans1ucent bluish-white particle size less than 1 micron. No separation. F=Fair-Milky white, particle size up to 4 microns. Slight ring of oil separation on surface. P=PoorChalky white, particle size above 4 microns. Creaming on surface.

TABLE IIL-FINISH AND FIBER PROCESS DATA Finish components A K L M N 0 Finish identities:

Mineral oil (viscosity 50 SUS) 50.0 50. 0 Lubricant. Butyl stearate- 50. O 50. 0 Do. Hexadccyl stearate 50. 0 Do. Refined coconut glyceride- 59. 0 Do. Sorbitan mononlpate 25. 0 25.0 5.0 Do. Oleic sodium soap- 0 17. 0 8. 0 Antistat-emulslfier. Ethoxylated lauric acid (15E0) 1 8.0 15. 0 Emulsifier.

Ethoxylated oleyl ether (IOEO) e 7.0 7.0 Do.

Ethoxylated castor oil (25120) a 5. 5 Do. Decaglycerol tetraoleate- 7. 5 Do. Glycerol mono0leate 3- 0 Do. Ethoxylated sorbltan monooleate (ZOEO) 5. 0 Do Ethoxylated tallow glyceride (15E0) 10.0 Do. sodium petroleum sulfonate 60-62'7 active on mineral oil 10. 0 Antistat-emulsifiet. Sullated glycerol trioleate 18 0 15 0 Do. Ethoxylated tallow amine (20EO 0 D0.

Fiber process data:

Percent finish on drawn yarn by weight 76 1. 03 95 1. 08 85 Percent finish on yarn after steam jet texturing I 75 50 .58 .68 Texturing performance 1 E P P F Yarn to metal friction of text. yarn in grams 64 0 105 58 Tufting G P P F 1 Steam jet texturing at 3,000 f.p.m.E=Excellent; F=Fair; P=Poor.

3 Major part of butyl-stearate or mineral oil lost by volatization.

3 Tuiting=Tufting performance per 50 yards length of 180 ends carpet on the 30" slot type tufting machine (5/32 gauge)G= Good-Less than pull backs and less than 15 snags; F=FairLess than 5 pull backs and less than snags. P=Poor-More than pull backs and more than 30 snags.

I See footnote at end of Table I.

What is claimed is:

1. A spin finish for polyamide yarn to be processed at high temperature, said finish being an oil in water emulsion of about 10 to 20 percent by weight of said oil portion, said oil portion consisting essentially of about to percent by weight of coconut oil, about 3 to 8 percent by weight of polyoxyethylene castor oil, about 5 to 10 percent by weight of decaglycerol tetraoleate, about 2 to 5 percent by weight of glycol monooleate, about 2 to 7 perecnt by weight of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, about 9 to 11 percent by weight of polyoxyethylene tallow glyceride, and about 8 to 12 percent by weight of sodium alkyl aryl petroleum sulfonate having a formula (C H- )SO Na Where n is between about 20 and about 30.

2. A spin finish for polyarnide yarn to be processed at high temperature, said finish being an oil in water emulsion of about 10 to 20 percent by weight of said oil portion, said oil portion consisting essentially of about 55 to 65 percent by weight of refined coconut glyceride, about 3 to 8 percent by weight of polyoxyethylene castor oil containing about 25 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of castor oil, about 5 to 10 percent by weight of decaglycerol tetraoleate, about 2 to 5 percent by weight of glycerol monooleate, about 2 to 7 percent by weight of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate containing about 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of sorbitan monooleate, about 9 to 11 percent by weight of polyoxyethylene tallow glyceride containing about 15 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of tallow glyceride, and about 8 to 12 percent by weight of sodium petroleum sulfonate present as about 60 to 62% by weight active ingredient in mineral oil.

3. The spin finish of claim 2 wherein the sodium petroleum sulfonate is based on an alkyl-aryl petroleum sulfonate having a formula (C H )SO Na where n is between about 20 and about 30.

4. The spin finish of claim 3 is wherein the average molecular weight of the (C H )SO Na is about 430, and 30% of the petroleum product remains unsulfonated mineral oil.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,565,403 '8/1951 Sproule et al. 2528.7 3,198,732 8/1965 Olney 2528.9 3,306,850 2/1967 Olsen 2528.7 3,672,977 6/1972 Dardoufas 2528.9 X 3,687,721 8/ 1972 Dardoufas 2528.9 X

HERBERT B. GUYNN, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R.

2872.12, WT; 1l7--138.8 N, 139.5 C.Q.; 2528.9

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE I CERTIFICATE- OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,78 Dated December 25, 1973 m-( Robert Moore Marshall at al.

It is certified that error appears in the aboveidentified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby correctedes shown below:

Colfimn 2, line 19, "atcive" should be --active-- Column 2, in Table I, add footnote (a) after "weight", moles of ethylene oxide permole of base material- Table III, Footnote 3 11nder.item "F'f after "Less-than", :the numeral "5" should bei50-- ColuI nn claim 4, line 1, "is" shouldbe deleted. after "claim 3" Signed and Sealed this 18th day June 1974,

(SEAL) Attest: I

EDWARD M.FLETCHE R,-JR. C. MARSHALL A DANN Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents I FORM PO-1050 (10-69) UscOMM-DC scan-Pas I w [1.5. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE "I! 0-l66.-38l, 

